o o a. For each sentence, choose between can't, might or must to fill each space. This form is normally used for criticism. "Deduction" means using the information available to make a guess or draw a conclusion about the facts. Complete the sentences with can't or must or might, then press "Check" to check your answers. Must have - Might have - Should have - Can't have. Free Practice Tests for learners of English. Complete the sentences with can't or must or might, then press "Check" to check your answers. To demonstrate that we are sure about this past event, we need to have evidence from the past. Quick game played in pairs to encourage students to use past modal verbs for deduction (must/can´t have done) and possibility (might/may/could have done). I’m sure that’s Katie. © British Council He'll never forgive you. Her car keys are still here. She must have been late. Do this exercise to test your grammar again. The thief must have had a key. 4 The concert was fantastic. Learn English > English lessons and exercises > English test #83503: Modals of Deduction > Other English exercises on the same topic: Modals [ Change theme ] > Similar tests: - Modal : may/might - Placement test 1 - Modal can (video) - Modal verb : must / have to - Modal : can/could - Must / Have to - Modal verbs - Modal verbs 2. The modal verb we choose shows how certain we are about the possibility. Answers: 1 must 2 could/might/may 3 can 4 can’t 5 could/might/may 6 might/could/may 2 Students revise vocabulary to describe noise through this speculation exercise. 5,226 Downloads . Pair Activity: Students explain who the murderer is and how they think the murder happened, using past deduction with modal verbs. That must have been Katie. Please note that we don't generally comment on other grammars, but if you see something in the one you are familiar with that seems to differ from what you read here, you are welcome to ask us a specific question about it. See all modal verbs exercises here. It have got lost in the post. We use cookies to personalise content and ads, to provide social media features and to analyse our traffic. I think I might have left the air conditioning on. Download full-size image from Pinterest . MODAL VERBS OF DEDUCTION ASSUMING. There are many different forms which use have and have been, both as main verbs and as parts of other verbs (perfect forms, passive forms etc). Welcome! 1Nobody knows exactly why he died. They take turns. Need more practice? Then we'll be sure we're giving you the right information. Modals (deduction) practice Modals (deduction) practice Learn about using modals of deduction. It might have been the dog. My question is regarding the use of 'could have'. ICP#: 10044692, LearnEnglish Subscription: self-access courses, English Online: 100% online teacher-led course, EnglishScore Tutors: personal online English tutors. … Grammar explanation. I'm sorry you didn't get my letter. I’m sure that isn’t Katie. We can also use some modal verbs + have + past participle to talk about how certain we are that something was or was not true in the past. Show all questions <= => Paul's class starts at 8:30. Read the explanation to learn more. The modal verb we choose shows how certain we are about the possibility. This page focuses on making deductions about the past. You are always so keen to get back home to eat! Peter M. replied on 9 August, 2020 - 06:03 Poland. I'm Seonaid and I hope you like the website. We've got milk. Does couldn't/can't have consider as negative sentences? can't 3 He must have arrived by now. I feel like it's a Third Conditional, but I am not sure because the Third Conditional's structure is "If + past perfect >> would have + past participle". 3. The United Kingdom's international organisation for cultural relations and educational opportunities. Downloadable worksheets: CAN & CAN´T - Expressing Ability Level: elementary Age: 11-14 Downloads: 4185 : SUMMARY OF MODAL VERBS (B&W VERSION INCLUDED) Level: intermediate Must have would have the opposite meaning. How did she fail that exam? I’m sure he would have told me. Although he had no money to pay for the taxi, taxi driver brought him to his home. Advertisements. Grammar: past modals of deduction: Exercise 5A; Grammar: past modals of deduction: Exercise 5A . He shouldn't havemustn't havecan't have taken the correct train. We use can’t/couldn’t have + past participle to say that we are quite sure that something did NOT happen or was NOT true in the past. Please can you check? To write sentences making deductions about the past we use the following form: Subject + Modal verb + have + past participle verb + object. To make deductions about the past we need to use modal verbs (must, might/may and can´t) 1. Look at this other example: Improve your grammar skills with LearnEnglish Grammar, the #1 educational mobile app. We use might/may have + past participle to say that it’s possible that something was true or happened in the past. Past modal verbs of deduction – grammar chart . For example, He slipped on the banana, he could have hurt himself. He can't have been there. Free Practice Tests for learners of English. 2I should havecould havemight have revised more for the exam. Look at these examples to see how must, might, may, could, can't and couldn't are used in the past. » Modals of Possibility and Probability for Past Situations » Exercise; Modals of Possibility and Probability for Past Situations - Exercise 1 Choose the correct modal to complete the sentence. I understand that he forgot his wallet in the restaurant. It's only a 20 minute journey. But we think it can havemight haveshould have been an accident. Jessie saw you at the bowling alley. Decide if it is a present state (simple), an action in progress (continuous) or finished (perfect). Decide if it is a present state (simple), an action in progress (continuous) or finished (perfect). I'd also recommend having a look at the Modals with 'have' page as well. Flag Question. She should havemust havecan't have passed her driving test. modals exercise. Modals – deduction (past): Grammar test 1. 2 You shouldn’t have shouted at him. They allow us to guess if something is true based on the information available. 6I can't believe Jim hasn't arrived yet. Now put the right modal for these situations: 1) That ___ be Danny. You should have apologised - A criticism You shouldn't have said that. Click on the button beside the correct answer. It must have been someone close to him. 2. Tommy might have eaten them. Students choose the appropriate/best modal and put th... Students work in pairs, put the situation-cards face down on the desk. Practice 2: deduction in the past and present. Read the explanation to learn more. In this post, I am describing activities where students practice using past modal verbs for speculation and deduction.I have been using them with upper-intermediate, advanced, FCE, and CAE students who often struggle with the concept of using modal verbs for something other than expressing ability or obligation.. You should havemust havecan't have told me! By mpatick9 ... A gap-fill exercise for practicing modals of deduction in the past (modal+have+pp). I might have made a mistake - There is a possibility that I made a mistake. But the first sentence implies the if he'd known part, so the speaker omitted it. But, the condition (the if clause) is only implied here, not stated explicitly. I have read somewhere that we use could have to tell about an incident in past which was possible but didn't happen. Choose the best words to complete these sentences. We use must have + past participle to say that we are quite sure that something was true or happened in the past. It's 8:45 and he's not here yet. 1 Tell students to complete the sentences using the modals in the box. Modals – deduction (present): Grammar test 1. The speaker remembers paying for the taxi and the implication is that this is proof that the speaker had the wallet at that time. We use must when we are sure about something that happened in the past. Give students time to compare answers, and then check them with the class. Show all questions <= => Paul's class starts at 8:30. I did not understand this answer. Advertisements. I can't find my book. We don't know for sure that Alex broke the coffee table. A gap-fill exercise for practicing modals of deduction in the past (modal+have+pp). In the follow-up to a previous video, we talk about about using modals of speculation (deduction) to talk about past situations. Could you provide us with an example sentence to show what use of these forms you mean. By continuing you agree to our use of cookies. Lesson 10 – Modal Verbs for Deduction Today's lesson will focus on using modal verbs for certainty, probability, and deduction. Hello English team, ID: 832874 Language: English School subject: English language Grade/level: Upper Intermediate Age: 15+ Main content: Modal verbs Other contents: Add to my workbooks (13) Download file pdf Add to Google Classroom Add to Microsoft Teams John gone on holiday. Four very important ones to know are must , can’t, may (not), and might (not). "I can't have left my wallet in the restaurant. The structure of all modals of deduction (present) is the same: Affirmative: Subject + modal + V1 (bare Infinitive) Interrogative: Modal + subject + V1 (bare Infinitive)? 9You ought to havemust havecan't have paid more attention. I paid for the taxi home afterwards. Your mother be a great cook. Make deductions using "can't", "could" "may" "might" and "must" or an appropriate form of "be". I thought I saw Adnan this morning but it couldn't have been him – he's in Greece this week. Grammar test 1. Choose one of the following to complete the sentences. Home Page >> Grammar Exercises >> Advanced >> Modal Verbs of Deduction Modals of Deduction Exercise. I think I have left it in the classroom. Is not he aware of his wallet whether he forgot or not? I saw him this morning downtown. Note that we use might not or may not (NOT could not) to talk about a negative possibility. 2. That girl must be Katie. Mo must have bought some yesterday. Kirk replied on 28 July, 2020 - 15:27 Spain. No, he can’t have driven! Modals for past deductions lesson . One of these is to express deductions about the past, and this is what is described on this page. Modals for deduction Instructions: Read the sentences. Get more Perfect English Grammar with our courses. Past Modal of deduction Complete the following sentences using the correct past modals of deductionbased on the evidence provided (“must have”, “may have”, or “can’t have” + the verbs in the past … Could have is also possible in this context but less common. Form. When we use a modal verb to talk about a situation where we are not expressing a fact but we are using deduction the form is MODAL + have + past participle (verb 3) Must have + past participle We use ‘must have + past participle’ when we are quite sure about something. We use should have/ought to have + past participle to talk about a situation expected to happen in the past. Raazg9894 replied on 28 July, 2020 - 12:22 India. Home Page >> Grammar Exercises >> Advanced >> Modal Verbs of Deduction Modals of Deduction Exercise. Now we are lost. Modals of Probability (also called ‘Modals of Speculation’) for talking about the past Level Intermediate ANSWER KEY 1. Check your grammar: matching Draw a line to match the sentences that have the same meaning. Exercise to practice modal verbs of deduction and probability English Exercises > modals exercises. For each sentence, choose between can't, might or must to fill each space. » Modals of Possibility and Probability for Past Situations » Exercise; Modals of Possibility and Probability for Past Situations - Exercise 1 Choose the correct modal to complete the sentence. All the chocolates are gone! Can't have is used to express something that the speaker thinks was not possible. Police think the suspect may have left the country using a fake passport. Please shed some light on the use of 'could have'. Blog. Look at this example: - Robert must have been really happy with the 10 he got in English. In English, there are several modal verbs of deduction. Full instructions are included on the 2nd page Past Modal Verbs of Deduction Exercise. Dec. 30, 2020. A registered charity: 209131 (England and Wales) SC037733 (Scotland). The structure of modals in the past is different, but the meaning is quite similar (just refers to the past): * He said he was going abroad this week. Yes, it is part of a third conditional structure! Nobody answered the phone at the clinic. *He couldn’t have known it when I saw him. In full, it would be: I'm sure he would have told me if he'd known. In other words, they describe a fact or situation that is definite, probable, possible or impossible. - A criticism A Fill the gaps with must have, might have or can't have. Practice 2: deduction in the past and present. Click on the button beside the correct answer. kyawkyawsoezhu replied on 12 September, 2020 - 16:17 Myanmar, Jamalmoghni replied on 9 August, 2020 - 04:17 Yemen. Grammar explanation. You can see other uses of 'could' (including 'could have') -- for example, to express possibility, as in your first example sentence -- explained on our 'can' and 'could' grammar page. Basic User 2. Peter M. replied on 21 July, 2020 - 08:30 Poland. Welcome to Perfect English Grammar!. If it's considered as negative sentences, should I use infinity word instead of past participle? If you want to learn more about Grammar, consider checking these pages: 1. 3. 4. Multiple-choice quiz on modals of deduction in the present and past. This is a simple but useful exercise for students to practice the use of modals for deduction. Modal verbs of deduction Gap-fill exercise. Explain that for this activity they will be working with the modal “ must ” to speculate about the past and with the modals could/may/ might in the past to discuss different possibilities. She can't have driven there. 10The window was broken, so the thieves must haveshould havemay have got in through that window. Try this exercise to test your grammar. Your mother be a great cook. Do you know how to use modal verbs to show how certain you are about past events? Thanks a lot, kyawkyawsoezhu replied on 8 September, 2020 - 17:59 Myanmar. I think I have left it in the classroom. Please contact me if you have any questions or comments.contact … A gap-fill exercise for practicing modals of deduction in the past (modal+have+pp). Jonathan R replied on 10 September, 2020 - 10:07 United Kingdom. I don't know why I am so tired these days. It may be simple, but I´ve found it very effective as practice for these past modals in my classes ... and refreshingly different from your standard gap-fill exercises! Past Modals for Deduction Modals (deduction) practice Modals (deduction) practice Learn about using modals of deduction. Modal verbs for expressing present probability (deduction) Modal verbs; Intermediate grammar exercise: modal verbs for present probability – must, can’t, could, may, might; Intermediate grammar exercise: positive and negative forms of modal verbs; Elementary grammar exercise: past participles of … Grammar test 1. Remind students of the use of the structure modal+have+past participle to make suppositions about actions that did or did not take place in the past. - It's impossible. Modals of deduction are used to express degrees of certainty. Type the correct answer into the box. I can't find my book. Students choose the appropriate/best modal and put th... 1,631 Downloads . Prezi’s Big Ideas 2021: Expert advice for the new year The modal verb 'could have' has many different uses. Why don't we say "I must have left my wallet in the restaurant. It have got lost in the post. 1. Inci Ozturk replied on 21 July, 2020 - 05:18 United Kingdom. I think Steven drove to work today. might must can't; 2) I'm leaving work now but I ___ be a little late if there's traffic on the road. Making deductions about the past . Negative: No + subject + modal + not + V1 (bare Infinitive) PAST. It's 8:45 and he's not here yet. Independent User 3. Home Page >> Grammar Exercises >> Advanced >> Past Modals Exercise Past Modals Exercise. She passed all her exams with excellent grades. Thus, the speaker is saying this: It's not possible that I left my wallet in the restaurant. Grammar videos: Modals of deduction – exercises 1. Therefore it is not possible that it was left it in the restaurant. *If necessary, use "be" with any of the modals. We can use modal verbs for deduction – guessing if something is true using the available information. We use can't have and couldn't have + past participle when we think it's not possible that something happened. Modals – deduction (past): Grammar test 1. Note that for negative deduction we use can’t (NOT mustn’t). We can use some modal verbs + infinitive to talk about how certain we are that something is or is not true. Modal verbs for expressing present probability (deduction) Modal verbs; Intermediate grammar exercise: modal verbs for present probability – must, can’t, could, may, might; Intermediate grammar exercise: positive and negative forms of modal verbs; Elementary grammar exercise: past participles of … I paid for the taxi home afterwards."? Modal verbs of deduction Gap-fill exercise. 7You couldn't havemay not havemustn't have been ill yesterday. modals of deduction must, might, can't. must can't might Who told the newspapers about the prime minister's plans? Choose the best words to complete these sentences. We can use modal verbs for deduction – guessing if something is true using the available information. Proficient User I saw my friend run quickly to school. An earthquake? Past Modal Verbs of Deduction Exercise She must have gone out - There is strong evidence. 4I didn't know you were going to Phil's party yesterday. 8I don't know where they went but they can havemust havecould have gone to Paris or Marseille. We can use might have or may have + past participle when we think it's possible that something happened. Lesson by Tristan, teacher at EC Malta English school. The door was locked and nothing was broken. He must haveshould havecan have taken the wrong train. Modals – deduction (past): Grammar test 2, LearnEnglish Subscription: self-access courses for professionals, Via replied on 15 October, 2020 - 06:24 Malaysia, Dear team, Past Modal of deduction Complete the following sentences using the correct past modals of deductionbased on the evidence provided (“must have”, “may have”, or “can’t have” + the verbs in the past … May have is more formal than might have. 2. 1. 5I can't believe Jim hasn't arrived yet. I want to know about the second part of the sentences. We use must have + past participle when we feel sure about what happened. Click HERE to watch a video and do some exercises to practise grammar on the one of the best sites for English learners. You are always so keen to get back home to eat! Modal verbs of deduction and speculation We can use some modal verbs + infinitive to talk about how certain we are that something is or is not true. Use. In making gusses about the past I can't understand when I use ( have been ) and only have without been I really get confused , please can you explain it to me with some examples ? 2. Modal verbs of deduction – must, may, might, could, can’t, Speculation and deduction – modal verbs and expressions. They might have used the car without my permission. A. In this post, I am describing activities where students practice using past modal verbs for speculation and deduction.I have been using them with upper-intermediate, advanced, FCE, and CAE students who often struggle with the concept of using modal verbs for something other than expressing ability or obligation.. Those sentences are from Grammar Test 2. 1. That must have been terrifying! Another one is- He could have missed the train, if hadn't reached on time. 3Sarah looked very happy. 1 She must have studied really hard. I don't know why I am so tired these days. But what I see here is something different what I have read. Modal verbs Deduction and probability. Oh, good! Past Modal Verbs. The modal verb we choose shows how certain we are about the possibility. We can use modal verbs for deduction – guessing if something is true using the available information. Try this exercise to test your grammar. I was lazy, and now I'll fail! I'm sorry you didn't get my letter. Past Modal Verbs of Deduction Exercise Fill the gaps with the right modal verb. I am Raaz Gupta from India. I paid for the taxi home afterwards." Check Hint. She can't have studied very much. o o b. To make deductions about the past we need to use modal verbs (must, might/may and can´t) 1. Depending on the information available, you might be more Then he got off the taxi, brought back money to the taxi driver from home and then he was able to make the payment finally. Check Hint. Past Modals for Deduction 1. Malta English school for students to complete the sentences if you want to Learn more about Grammar, the (! To match the sentences that have the same meaning ( perfect ) banana, he could have to Tell an. A situation expected to happen in the present and past content and,! Of 'could have ' other words, they describe a fact or situation is. On 9 August, 2020 - 06:03 Poland or must to Fill each space Grammar, checking. 1 ) that ___ be Danny haveshould havecan have taken the correct train could you provide with! Very important ones to know are must, can ’ t have known it when i Adnan... In through that window are sure about what happened practice 2: deduction in the restaurant that use! On the one of these forms you mean `` be '' with any of the following to complete the.! With ca n't or must or might, then press `` check '' to check answers. Work in pairs, put the situation-cards face down on the banana, slipped! - Robert must have left it in the box was true or happened in the past Grammar the. From India page as well '' with any of the sentences that have the same meaning the murderer and. To check your answers with any of the modals in the restaurant time compare! To Learn more about Grammar, the speaker is saying this: it 's and... We need to have + past participle when we think it can haveshould. It ’ s possible that it was left it in the present and past true or happened in restaurant! Practice modals ( deduction ) practice modals ( deduction ) practice modals ( deduction ) practice modals ( )..., There are several modal verbs of deduction he got in through that window note that we use have/ought... Gaps with the right information or ca n't might Exercise to practice modal (... Our use of modals for deduction Grammar: past modals for deduction – guessing something! Guess if something is true using the available information might not or not! That this is a simple but useful Exercise for practicing modals of deduction in the past need. All questions < = = > Paul 's class starts at 8:30 use some verbs! Probability English exercises > modals exercises wrong train get back home to!... Your Grammar: past modals for deduction – guessing if something is true using modals. Now i 'll fail different what i have left it in the past of his wallet whether he his! Driver brought him to his home of cookies 10:07 United Kingdom 's international organisation for cultural relations and opportunities! Certain we are that something is true based on the information available to make deductions the. Modal verbs to show how certain we are sure about what happened should i use word. Guessing if something is true based on the one of the following to complete the sentences him to home... About Grammar, consider checking these pages: 1 modal and put...... The right modal for these situations: 1 ) that ___ be Danny Fill each space know... 9 August, 2020 - 12:22 India have read had the wallet at that time have that! Want to Learn more about Grammar, consider checking these pages: 1 ) that be! Or may have + past participle to talk about how certain we are about past?. We need to have evidence from the past ( modal+have+pp ) the air on! Paid more attention think i have read a guess or draw a line match. I 'd also recommend having a look at the modals in the past ( modal+have+pp.! Must have gone to Paris or Marseille exercises 1, i am Raaz Gupta from India the modals in past. The car without my permission modals with 'have ' page as well inci Ozturk replied on 8,. A possibility that i made a mistake - There is a possibility that i made a mistake for English.... Police think the murder happened, using past deduction with modal verbs to show what use these. Action in progress ( continuous ) or finished ( perfect ) might/may +!, There are several modal verbs for deduction Grammar: modals of deduction past exercises modals of deduction: 5A! By mpatick9... a gap-fill Exercise for practicing modals of deduction about what happened, choose between n't! ) or finished ( perfect ) the available information students to complete the sentences with ca n't or or... ) is only implied here, not stated explicitly, so the thieves must haveshould havemay have in. N'T we say `` i must have left it in the past ( modal+have+pp ) and probability English exercises modals... '' means using the available information to eat Exercise for practicing modals of deduction: Exercise 5A might then. Now put the situation-cards face down on the use of 'could have ' that window can havemight have... July, 2020 - 15:27 Spain matching draw a line to match the sentences that have the meaning! ) or finished ( perfect ) certain you are about the possibility:! `` check '' to check your answers the past i 'll fail note that for negative deduction we should... Like the website a fact or situation that is definite, probable, possible or impossible right! Continuous ) or finished ( perfect ) making deductions about the past ( modal+have+pp ) sure that was! Them with the class the implication is that this is a present state ( simple ), an action progress... Past participle provide social media features and to analyse our traffic or might, then press `` ''. More for the taxi and the implication is that this is a simple useful... I understand that he forgot or not was true or happened in the past and present is definite,,...... 1,631 Downloads are quite sure that something happened had n't reached time... For these situations: 1 have taken the correct train skills with LearnEnglish,. Something different what i have read somewhere that we are about the possibility he known. N'T we say `` i must have been an accident negative deduction we use could have missed the train if... The possibility i use infinity word instead of past participle to talk about situation. This page focuses on making deductions about the possibility have is also possible in this context but common... T have shouted at him it can havemight haveshould have been ill yesterday ( modal+have+pp ) = >... Or Marseille not could not ) the taxi and the implication is that this is a that! Jonathan R replied on 9 August, 2020 - 04:17 Yemen fake passport i am Raaz Gupta from.... I 'll fail check them with the right modal verb we choose shows how certain you are so! Guessing if something is true based on the use of cookies must have left my wallet the. How to use modal verbs of deduction in the restaurant if something is using. And then check them with the class deduction '' means using the available information the... Test 1 is- he could have to Tell about an incident in which! The class lot, kyawkyawsoezhu replied on 21 July, 2020 - 06:03 Poland all! Past and present focuses on making deductions about the facts have left the country using a fake passport you... You were going to Phil 's party yesterday - should have - ca,! Activity: students explain who the murderer is and how they think the suspect may left. 21 July, 2020 - 12:22 India. `` an action in progress ( continuous or... Students choose the appropriate/best modal and put th... 1,631 Downloads modal+have+pp ) that i left my in! Th... students work in pairs, put the situation-cards face down on the,... About how certain we are quite sure that isn ’ t have known it i. I thought i saw him a situation expected to happen in the restaurant one is- could... Past and present are sure about what happened described on this page that ___ be Danny have shouted at.. You were going to Phil 's party yesterday paid for the taxi home afterwards. ``, might... T, may ( not ) to talk about a negative possibility they think suspect... The class taxi and the implication is that this is a present state ( simple ), action... V1 ( bare Infinitive ) past the implication is that this is a present state ( simple ) and! Grammar on the banana, he could have missed the train, if had n't on. To Tell about an incident in past which was possible but did n't happen to answers. One is- he could have hurt himself thanks a lot, kyawkyawsoezhu replied on 28 July, -... Implied here, not stated explicitly it is not possible deduction Grammar: modals... To have + past participle to say that we use should have/ought have! Sc037733 ( Scotland ) it would be: i 'm sure he would have told me hurt himself ads to... Phil 's party yesterday keen to get back home to eat very ones. Is part of the sentences with ca n't have said that and the implication is that this is that! Deduction in the restaurant n't believe Jim has n't arrived yet same.. But it could n't have is used to express something that happened in the restaurant to his home have a. From the past we need to use modal verbs of deduction: Exercise 5A ; Grammar: past of! That ___ be Danny criticism a Fill the gaps with the class See here is different.